How Do The Basics of Compressor-Based Refrigeration Work?

How Do The Basics of Compressor-Based Refrigeration Work?

This study has shown that how the compressors based refrigeration have worked and its fundamental principles.

That the compressor-based refrigeration is used has large capacity lines of recirculating chillers. The basics of compressor-based refrigeration are clarified below;

Fundamental Physical Principles

While endeavouring to understand how a compressor based cooling system works, you must be keeping three physical phenomena in mind:

-The gas’ temperature increases even as It is compressed. On the contrary, Its temperature is going down when it is expanded. This is one of the ramifications of the First Law of Thermodynamics.

-That it boils or condenses makes the temperature of a pure liquid remain stable . We have all witnessed this phenomenon in our kitchens. The temperature remains constant at 212°F or 100°C degrees when water is liquid, supposing that you measure the temperature of water just as it boils. On the other hand, when gases are condensed, the system temperature remains irremovable until all the gas turns into a liquid.

-Consequently, a fluid is in need of a remarkable amount of energy to undergo phase change. As an illustration, To completely boil a given amount of water requires more energy than to take that same quantity of water from 32°F(0°C) to 211°F(99°C), which means that a significant amount of energy can be stored and then released only during a phase change. 

The Refrigeration Cycle

As the name states, the refrigeration cycle is a continuous(ongoing,steady) process which refrigerant moves to the condenser from the compressor, through a metering device, to an evaporator, and then this cycle repeats at the same way (see figure 1).

The compressor has definitely works as its name has been referred to :  which compresses the refrigerant. The compressor receives low pressure gas from the evaporator and transforms the low pressure gas to high pressure gas. As is mentioned before, the temperature rises in the process of the gas is compressed.

The hot refrigerant gas then flows to the condenser. The condenser is a heat exchanger that uses a colder fluid, typically ambient air, to cool the refrigerant. As refrigerant flows through this heat exchanger, it condenses to a hot liquid. Liquid refrigerant exits the condenser and flows to the system's metering device.

The metering device can be an expansion valve or a capillary tube and is used to create a pressure drop. As mentioned earlier, the temperature and boiling point of liquids decrease as the pressure decreases. Some refrigerant liquid vaporizes and the temperature of the liquid-gas mixture drops. The cool refrigerant then flows to the evaporator.

The evaporator is another heat exchanger that allows heat to move between the medium we wish to keep cool, called the heat source, and the refrigerant. In a chiller, the heat source is the cooling fluid, which flows into your equipment. The refrigerant enters the evaporator as a low temperature gas-liquid mixture. By design, the temperature of the heat source is always higher than the refrigerant's boiling point. In the evaporator, the refrigerant vaporizes as it absorbs heat from the heat source. The refrigerant's temperature remains constant as it vaporizes. The refrigerant then exits the evaporator as a gas, enters the compressor and the cycle starts again.

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