The name of an axial fan precisely describes its function. The fan blades rotate around the shaft, powered by the electric motor. The rotating blades function as a propeller. This creates airflow when the rotation of propeller lowers the air pressure behind it, sucking the air into the propeller parallel to the shaft.
In terms of human comfort, this creates a wind chillthat can make a room seem cooler on hot days. Fans can also be used to direct heated or cooled air into a room.
For machinery, they offer a precise way to direct airflow onto or around parts that need to be cooled. Axial fans can also be used to influence the pressure in an environment. This is clearly demonstrated in cooling systems for computer cases. Some builders will set up the fans so that air is being sucked in from the outside faster than it’s being discharged from the inside, resulting in positive pressure. Other builders will try to evacuate as much air from the case as possible, resulting in negative pressure.
In a household and in industrial settings the working of an axial fan can be very dramatic. Whole house fans, for instance, are cooling solutions for homes that are much more efficient than air conditioning and that work by creating a continuous airflow through the entire house, cooling it off very effectively.
Axial fans can suffer diminished performance from stalling and surging. Stalling occurs as an interruption in the flow of air across the fan. Surging is just the opposite. In complex ventilation systems, fans have to be set up in a way that ensures that they don’t cause stalling problems.
Poorly built fans may be subject to issues with vibration, which could have significant consequences if the fans are installed on sensitive equipment.
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